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t • ««• Sf The Rocky Mo Y" ir . f m ' I'"' ii %rn f>T I "wr ) r rtc 3 , st it f >stf « .yt« VOLUME 5. NUMBER 44. - ■ FEW INDUSTRIES KICK AGAINST WAGE-HOUR LAW v- Washington, Oct. 26.—America has stepped in to wade across the swamp Of low wages; and, in the enormous majority of cases yet brought to light, she is being very pleasant About it. j For the occupations covered by the new' wage-hour law, which went int> • effect October 24, the present mir.l - muin wage is 25 cents an hour, and the 'top hours per week are 44. Iho wage is expected to rise to 40 cents an hour by October 24, 1941. Honrs drop to 42 after one year at the 44 level, and then come to 40. And sn far the only kicks are coming from ■' three industries—tobacco, lumber and textiles—and all in the South Tobacco probably will throw out the (most workers. Practically all of them, are Negro women stemmerf, that is, they strip the tobacco leaf from the stem. Wages paid for hand . stemming have been simply hideons. It is. a seasonal job at best; the ex ception is to have six months d yeaV at it; and three years ago * trip through the North Carolina re gions showed a majority of stem mers' pay envelopes marked at from $3 to $6 a week. A few did 'better J but to go above $lO was decidedly rare. Exemption Is Denied Tobacco owners of stemmeries in North Carolina petitioned to be left'out; which was refused. They declared that 30,000 Negro women • would be deprived of work in that ; one State. The general belief is that this figure is several times too high, r Lumber probably comes next. The i Southern Pine Association, which lias mills in 17 states, said that a dozen of its member mills had said they would shut down. The sarni* story comes from Georgia, Arkansas and Mississippi; the firms doing bu- Rainess on a shoestring will roll up the shoestring. On the other hand. Ithe labor commissioner of Louisia na ( flaid that only one plant in tne Jstate has given signs of quitting. Few Alabama Mills To Clooe Bobert P. Moore, commissioner of labor for Alabama, says that wlVi very few exceptions the mills of that State will keep going. He added: «Wo have information that a few of the smaller textile mills are worning two' l2-hour shifts per day, and paying their workers less than 10 cents an hour." Evidently they were driving a» far as they could before . the law shut down. Some firms making big , ging also are talking about closing. On the whole, employers really seem glad that there is bottom S3t pto wages. Nono of the metal trade in the South pay as little as the min imum wage is now; but some of them aro paying less than the 40-cen' hourly wage to go into effeet in three years. Time Sees "Great Invasion" . On the other hand, there s a curious amount of criticism froji what the administrators call "hig'i brows." The New York Times in its leading editorial on the "fatal day, 1 ' said that no one could see what would happen yet, and anyway: "This act represents one more great invasion by the Federal Gov ernment of powers previously ex3r ' cised by individual states." FUNERAL RITES ARE HELD FOR A. H. CLARK Aged Resident Succumbs At Horn (> Here On Saturday Funeral services for A. H. Clark 78, who died Saturday afternoon a ihis home at 512 Arlington Stfoet ' were conducted Sunday afternoon it 3 o'clock from the grave side in the ,1 Battleboro cemetery. Rev. F. H Craighill, pastor of the Church a the Good Shepherd officiated. Mr. Clark had been ill for several days prior to his death. Survivors include two sons, Alle A. Clark, of Nashville, and Gavin Clark, of Portsmouth, Va.; three *i»- ij ters, Mrs. Martha Gardner, of this i city, Mrs. Lucy Campbell and Mrs. 1 Fannie Hogan, both of Washington, D. C.; and one brother, Jesse al. 1 Clark of Florida. ONE PERCENT _______ Out of nearly 5,000 tobacco allot ments made in Columbus County on ly 190 growers have felt that thej had cause f° r appeal. This is l*?ss than one-half of one percent. Of I the. appeals heard, 67 were received ( and changes made in 13 cases. COGGIN ADDRESSES LQCAt g.lfr STUDENTS Diversified Occupations Wolfram 1% Subject Of Discussion | George W. Coggin, state supervisor of trades and industries, of Raleigh, addressed the senior high school stu dents on the Diversified OccupiW tions program which was recently inaugurated in Rocky Mount. Mr. Coggin opened with the ques tion, "What will you be doing t"it years from nowf" and pointed out 1 that today the unprepared, under; educated, and untrained people ars filling the relief rolls and prisons. Students were urged to take part in time work programs. Explaining that practice and the ory must go together in order to succeed, the speaker spoke of the school as practice. In closing, Mr. Coggin said "if you take one of the jobs, then do your' "best to represent your school and yourself; but if you are not interest ed to this point, it would be bet-, ter for you to leave the work to some one who is." Marion Justice introduced the speaker and asked all students intor ested in part time work to see him in his office. About a thousand varieties of po tato are known. QKOPMO By Hugo Sims, Special Washington Correspondent World Events Forcing U. S. To Prepare Against Uncertain Future National defense has become the first problem of the American Go vernment following the astonishing surrender of Great Britain and France at Munich. Face to face with the demands of the dictators, Great Britain with her great fleet, and France, with her great army, bowed to the superior air force of Germany. The govern ments of the democracies were un able to face the prospect of war be cause Germany, with a small navy and an inferior army, had an air fleet that was believed to be bi/ enough to overwhelm the combine 1 French and British aerial forces. GERMANY DOMINANT .The revelation that Germany, for the presetn at least, is the dominat ing power in Europe and the reaHya tion that the expanding armaments of Germany and Italy, together with the aggressive sprit of these peo ples, threatens, if it has not already upset, the existing balance of power on the Continent. This makes it ne cessary for the United States to re consider its defensive necessities. Faced with the fact that Germany, Italy and Japan are dissatisfied with their lots today and tlie determina tion of these governments to use force to seek the realization of ex panding ambitions, officials of the United States, looking ahead, see that tho safety of this country will depend upon its ability to protect itself from any possible combing tion of aggressors. No longer can we depend upon the British fleet fo. the safety of tho Atlantic Ocean and in the Pacific Ocean, our inter ests cannot be maintained except by a force that will compel respect for them. SOUTH AMERICA Wlhile tho foreign policy of the United States is somewhat hazy, it may be assumed that the United States is determined to police this hemisphere, including both No-lh and South America. Germany, Italy and Japan have economic footholds in So"uth America. If one of them should got into an argument with a South American country, the tactics employed in China, Ethiopia ana Czechoslovakia would bo used in Mexico, Chile, Peru, or Cuba. Conse quently, the United States, if it ex pects to maintain tho Monroe Doc trine, must be strong enough to pre vent such a development, even If there is a crisis on both sides of tlie ROCKY MOUNT, NORTH CAROLINA FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1938 TARBORO TOBACCO MKT. TO CLOSE NOVEMBER 9 vVi •! {.:■ i ; ■ Tarboro, Nov. 2. —The Tarboro To bacco market will close for th : s year on Tuesday November 8, Jolirf Brown, of the Tarboro Tobacco Board of Trade, announced today., Although the poundage to date has been shorten than last year, tha grades and prices of tobacco ave held up well and Mr, Brown is of the opinion that th« average will b* better than in 1937. Tarboro operated two warehouses, the Clark and the Farmers, and both met about the same patronage from farmers over the eastern part of the | state. Funeral Services This Afternoon For Mrs. R. A. Fountain Funeral servnees will be held this afternoon at two o'clock for Mrs. R. A. Fountain, of Fountain, who died in a Greenville hospital after several months illness. Surviving Mrs. Fountain are her husband, R. A. Fountain, two daugh Mrs. Roderick Harris and Mrs Ernest Hunt, of Fountain; two sons, Robert Fountain and Jo'.n Fountn'n, of Fountain,; and two brothers, JncV: Newton, of Enfield, and Watson Newton, of near Greenville. BUrial will bo in the Fountain cemetery. Mrs. Fountain was a sister-in-law of R. T. Fountain. South American Continent at fie same time. President Roosevelt, it appears, is determined that proper steps shall be taken now to insure that the Uni ted States will not baye to follow the example of Great Britain and Prance and surrender in the face of threats from other nations. NAVY, FIRST LINE. Naturally, the first line of de fense is the navy. It's strategy is that the fleet should not be weaken ed by division between the Atlantic and Pacific and that in defending our territory, in the words of Ad miral Leahy, "We cannot assume an attitude of passive defense and sim ply beat off attacks at one place and later at another. In such a case we would see our coasts blockaded, our outlying possessions seized, our corn merce, both coastwise and foreign, driven off the seas and we would un dergo the costly experience of find ing the war lasting as long as tlw enemy willed it." Therefore, the policy calls for a navy large enough to keep any prob ably combination of foreign navies far from American shores. Naval bases far out in the Pacific, wita Hawaii as a center ,and bases in the Atlantic, including the Carib bean, will give the navy a far-flung frontier and will also serve to pre vent the approach of hostile aircraft to bomb the continental areas of the United States. Wliile it is not expected that tho American navy will match the strength, ship by ship, of any pos sible combination of powers, there is no intention of standing by whilf, Germany, Italy and Japan build new warships to overwhelm the Amer ican fleet. It requires three to four years to build a battleship, two or three years to build a cruiser and a year or more to build smaller ships Consequently, is necessary to buill now in order to prevent hopeljss weakness in the' future. ARMY'S FUNCTION The Army's function in the na tional defense system includes, of course, the protection of naval bases, and, in the event that a ene my eludes the naval forces, to pre vent the landing of any hostilj force in this country and prevent airpluno attacks on vital industrial (Please turn to page four" 4 Watch The New Proposed Amendment In Constitution ■ • . ' ■ A*—■-» ! I > .r"'l v' I'-v' Mi Every Legislature seems to bring forth new Constitu tional Amendments. Most of these amendments in times past hive not turned out as they have been explained to the people. The tendency of every amendment has been to centralize everything in the State Capital. The new tax amendment has taken the money from the counties and carried it to Raleigh and not returned it to the counties as they promised. Tne.counties in most instances are get ting less than they got before. This year we haVis'an amendment to lengthen the term of office of the Sheriff from two years to four years. A big campaign is being put on in North Carolina to put this amendment over. We have been going on from the begin ning of the Republic up to this present time and we have not been able to see Where there is any convenience. The Sheriff in old days not only was required to police the coun ty but to collect all taxes. In most counties the duties of collecting the taxes have been taken away from the Sher iffs office and they are now only serving court process and policing the counties. Down at Sanford the other day at a political gathering Judge Clawson Williams and State Senator Sedberry actually had the boldness in the presence of the central Democracy that emanates from the capital, to critisize this amendment as being useless with the dan ger of placing the law enforcing business in the hands of an officer that the coiinty would not be able to remove in four years. If you hsv ea good Sheriff you want him to stay on, if you have a bad Sheriff you want him to be elect ed often so you can gft rid of him. That has been the ar gument of the Methodist church in dealing with its preach ers. Now we are not .exercised about this amendment but there is danger in this amendment. The law enforcement of the counties is in control of the Sheriff and the closer the Sheriff is kept to the Ballot Box the better the people will be served. Remember now there is very little left in the control of the people. You rarely ever meet a man working for the State in your community that is a local man. He is generally from some, other place that even the people he serves does not know the officer. The trouble with the high death list in auto collisions is that every body is a tax col lector and no body enforcing the law. SWIMMING POOL WITHOUT BOND ISSUE We are highly in favor of the swimming pool. Our paper carried an editorial as far back as last year on this subjeci but while the swimming pool is a nice thing and much to be desired the tax payer of Rocky Mount should not be made the goat of this proposition. Rocky Mount has receiv ed money in large amounts and it will continue to receive money from the National Government and why should not this, mmey be used and some economy practiced in other places The tax payer was the goat in the stadium campaign lot it was understood that the government was going to fur nish this woney when none was used, and the public de ceived with the delay of the gymnasium. Arrangement can be made to build the swimming pool without bond is sue and if we have to have a bond issue leave the swim ming pool off. With the large incomes from our Public Utilities and with the large amount of taxes collected m Rocky Mount and with the bounty collected from the gov ernment there should be no bond issue. ROBBERS GET AROUND SI,OOO FROM THREE FIRMS IN CITY Police were seeking today clues to the identity of burglars who robb9l three businesses of nearly SI,OOO i'i checks and cash here during the week-end. Equipping themselves from the tool boxes of the businesses they were robbing, the unknown burglars broke into three buildings and cracked two safes Saturday nigh': with apparent ease, Police Chief J. R. Thomas reported. At the Old North State Brewery they robbed a safe of $432 m cas.i and about s4oo in checks, police were fold. The Double Cola Bottling Company, two doors farther south on S. Church Street, was entered ana the office desk was ransacked but only $2.08 was reported missing. Another safe was cracked at the Coca Cola Bottling Company, S. Church Street and Andrews Street and "close to $100" waa taken, it was reported to police by E. I- Flem ing, the owner. An employe at the plant Saturday night, discovered the robbery and reported it to police headquarters at 10:28 o'clock. He told police that th i plant was cloesd that night aboa-. 6:30 o'clock. The burglaries at the other two places were reported to police Sun day morning. The burglars entered the Coca Co la plant through a window from thi roof of a building next door, Chiof Thomas reported. The window panes had been removed and were found in a neat pile. The burglars apparently usod gloves, Chief Thomas commented, be cause officers found no trace of fin ger prints at any of the three buildings that were robbed, not even on the glass window paifes where of ficers most expected to find them. If you have time spade the vege table garden tljis fall. j LARGE ESTATE IS LEFT BY LATE COMMISSIONER Wilson, Nov. 2. —Joseph us Parkar, late Elm City man and former Chairman of the Wilson county left in trust for his grandchildren, the rents to be used to educates them and the property to become theirs after reaching 28 years of age. Commissioners, who died at his homo last week left an estate estimated at around $61,244 and this mostly in farm land, according to his will filed yesterday with the clerk of tha court here. The bulk of Mr. Parker's farm land and other farm holdings were Total farm lands owned by Parker amounted to around 752 acres. The will set forth that the home place was bequeathed to his widow and that the residue of his estate be di vided equally between his widow and their three children. The estate was tentatively esti mated at $27,244 in real estate and $34,000 in personal property. HOME FOR POOR IN GREENE COUNTY IS ON CLOSED LIST Following the lead of Mitchell, Chowan, Hyde and Cherokee county governing bodies, Greene couniy commissioners have - closed the Greene county home to make the fifth North Carolina county finding other provisions for care of the poor, the Stato Board of Charities and Public Welfare announced this week. Yancey county is expected to liqui date its poor home as soon as pro visions can be made for the care of the few remaining inmates, W- C. Ezell, lirector of the division of institutions of the state welfare board said. One child is. born in the United States every 14 seconds. REQUESTS FOR FUNDS SOAR TO RECORD HIGH An Appeal Made For A "Livin* Wage" For The School Teacher* Qf The State Push Appropriations Upward. ». • 1s M i '1 Requests from state departments for appropriations for the 1939-41 biennium soared Thursday at Ra leigh to a record high of $144,956,- 700 when >55,233,154 was asked for operation of public schools. The school fund, which included provision for a 5 per cent pay in crease for teachers was the liastt request heard by the advisory bud get commission before it ended a. four-day series of hearings into tae 1930-41 needs of state departments and institutions. R. ,G. Deyton, assistant budget di rector, immediately started work on a summary of the requests, and the the commission will meet Octobe -31 to begin listing its recommenda tions to the 1939 general assembly. The requests for the schools com pared with the $49,362,106 they ar* getting this biennium. General ap propriations, including highway funds, totaled $122,137,094 this bion nium. Before taking up the school fund, the commission heard from repre sentatives of North Carolina rail roads, a plea for reduction of fran chise taxes on the carriers. The railroads were represented by T. W. Davis, of Wilmington, and Murray Allen and W. T. Joyner, boih of Raleigh. Davis declared that no other busi ness in the state except the r.iil roads' had 'receivod an 800 per cent increase in franchise taxes since 19- 23. He and Joyner listed many fig ures showing losses railroads ars now suffering and Allen said the carriers thought "the taxes paid for the right to lose money should be reduced." Davis proposed that the francnUo rate Ije.itxluciid frojii,9o cents ou tii«j SIOO valuation to' 50 cents, asserting that no other utility paid franchise levies on the basis of property val uation. He told the commission tax es took 66 per cent of the gross in- j trastate revenue of the Atlantic- Coast Line railroad last year,' an I Joyner said the same would appl> to the Southern system. The proposed reduction, Davis said, would relieve the carriers of $615, j 556 in taxes yearly. An appeal for a "living wage" in the teaching profession was made by Miss Agnes McDonald, of Greens boro, president of the Classroom Teachers Association in the stuf>. She urged the commission to re store teachers pay to the 1929 Wet as a necssity. The average white teacher gets $724 a year, Miss McDonald said with the highest pay being $990. Estimates of school needs were presented by Lloyd Griffin, secre tary of the state school commission, and the proposed salary increases were explained by Clyde A. Erwin, superintendent of public instruction. He said to include a pay restoration to the 1929 level, an appropriation of $55,587,659 would be needed. The school commission, which handles school monies, and the de partment of public instruction, which deals with the professional end of the system, listed minor differences in their estimates. Erwin told the commission he would recommend establishment of a 12th grade in all state schools. Buch a step, he added, could not be taken at once and therefore there was no estimate as to its cost dur ing the next biennium. The requested pay increases werj summarized as follows on the ba a is of an eight-months term: Present scale—Class A teachers with no experience, $96 a month: one year, $99.50; two years, $103; threo years, $106.50; four years, $110; five years, $113; six years. NOTICE Those desiring to subscribe to The Rocky Mount Herald may do so by sending SI.OO with name and ad dress to The Rocky Mount Herald, Rocky Mount, N. 4. • , Name Town State Route N0..... SI.OO PER YEAH $116; seven years, $120; eight jretn or longer $123.75. Class B teachers with no experi ence, SB2 a month; one year,, $85.50; two years, SB9; three years, $98.50; four years, $96; five years, $99.50; six years or longer, $103.40. Requested pay scale—Class A teachers with no experience, $100; to range to $133.30 for teachers with eight or more years of exporlen?®, the inner brackets not having bom worked out. Class B teachers, to range from S9O to $110; the inner brackets not having been worked out. Teachers' salarios in 1937-38 total ed $19,994,591, and this school term the aggregate will be $22,734,247. Even with no pay Increases, tho bill for teachers' pay would go up, be cause of the added experience of the instructors. If tho increases are granted, the bill would be for 1939- 40, $22,687,814 and for 1940-41, $23,- 481,737. Erwin also requested that $200,- 000 be provided yearly for aiek loave for teachers. There is no such provision now, each teacher being required to pay a substitute in tiai.i of illness. JAMES DICKENS RITES ARE TO BE HELD Funeral services for James B. Dickens, 46, well-known Negro resi dent who was employed here by the Atlantic Coast Line railway company for the past 23 years were held Tuesday afternoon at 2 o'clock from the Mount Zion Baptist church. El der J. H. Dickens was in charge of the service and burial took place in Unity cemetery. James died Saturday night at a local hospital. Survivors include his wife, Ai nie Dickens, two sons and five daugh ters. A —'• ' ■**' - JAMES PRIDGEN DIES IN DUKE HOSPITAL SUN. Final rites for John T. Pridgen, 39, of near Castalia, who died in Duke hospital were held from the home Tuesday afternoon at 2 o'clock. Rev. Willis Brantley, Holiness min ister of Sharpsburg, officiated. Ho was assisted by Rev. Johnnie Cog gins, of Castalia. Burial took plaej in the family burying ground. . Survivors "include his widow, M r.s. Mamie T'ridgen; a daughter, Effie • Pridgen; a step-daughter, Mrs. J:i nie Pearl Howell; a son, Herman Howell; and two half-sisters, Mrs. T H. Bass and Mrs. J. A. Wester, of Nash County. PAY HEAVY TOBACCO TAXES North Carolina, Virginia anu Kentucky are the three leading states in the payment of tobacco taxes, according to the report is sued by the government the past week. The combined tax from the thrfo states was $480,418,994 of the to tal of $568,181,967 paid by the en tire nation. The increase for the nation as a whole was 2.9 per cent over 1937. North Carolina's 1938 taxes on manufactured tobacco products amounted to $280,021,181, Virgiui.i manufacturers paid $157,004,461 and Kentucky $13,393,301. The 13 other leading states in payment of tho tax were New Jer sey, $24,707,037; Pennsylvania, $20,- 224,189; California, $9,794,885; Oaio. $8,532,907; Missouri, $5,729,497; n.i nois, $4,733,986; Tennessee, $3,498, 173; Florida, $2,325,813; New York, $2,112,248; Michigan, $1,916,823; West Virginia, $1,583,600; South. Carolina, $540,312, and Delaware, $355,862. The bulk of the tax, $494,036 684, was paid on the manufacture of ei(j arettes.
The Rocky Mount Herald (Rocky Mount, N.C.)
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Nov. 4, 1938, edition 1
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